Cardiologist
6AI EXPOSURE TODAY6
20-YEAR SCENARIO
NOT A FORECAST54%
NOT A FORECAST54%
THE DOOR · ENTRY DIFFICULTY TODAYB
STARTING PAY£40,000
REGULATORY MOATThe law requires human oversight. That human could be you.
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CAREERMASH (EN)FROM MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY →
Cardiologist
Cardiologists are doctors who specialise in heart and blood vessel diseases. They diagnose and treat heart problems, help patients change habits that damage their heart, and try to prevent heart disease.
THE DOOR: ENTRY DIFFICULTY TODAY, graded A (easy) to E (extremely hard). A Careermash rule-of-thumb index built from our AI exposure index and the job's moat class. It is not a forecast and not a count of job openings.
AI EXPOSURE TODAY is a Careermash index from 0 to 100 of how exposed this job's everyday tasks are to AI today. We estimate it by matching published research on how people use AI to this job, usually by keyword or subject area, and we lower it where the work is protected (for example by physical, personal or legal requirements). It is not a direct measurement of how much people in this job use AI.
This job holds up well against AI
AI exposure today is low on our index (6), and the law requires human oversight. That human could be you. That is about as safe as careers get right now, though it is still worth learning to use the tools well.
Career progression path
Is this the only route?
This is the standard academic trajectory, but modern careers are highly flexible. You can often skip stagesby entering the industry with an advanced qualification (like a Master's or PhD), or pivot sideways from a related discipline.
0ACADEMIC FOUNDATIONUniversity DegreeUsually 3 to 4 years of full-time academic study, explicitly preparing you for the theoretical realities of the industry. Requires A-Levels, BTECs, or equivalent Level 3.-£67,350Avg. UK tuition & living
1FIRST STEPJunior CardiologistAs a junior cardiologist, you will begin your career in a hospital setting, gaining hands-on experience under the supervision of senior doctors.£40,000
2GAINING EXPERIENCEMid-Level CardiologistIn this stage, you will have more autonomy in patient care, managing cases independently and possibly leading a small team.£70,000
3PEAK CAREERSenior CardiologistAs a senior cardiologist, you will take on leadership roles, mentor junior staff, and may also engage in research or teaching.£100,000+
The degree route
Courses in this career's subject area, from the live library of 35,000; every one is AI impact assessed through its actual graduate destinations.
🎓Medicine (Graduate Entry)The University of Manchester · the card page · will AI take its jobs?£48,500 median
🎓Graduate Entry MedicineUniversity of Nottingham, the · the card page · will AI take its jobs?£47,000 median
🎓Medicine with a Gateway YearThe University of East Anglia · the card page · will AI take its jobs?£47,000 median
🎓Gateway Year to MedicineThe University of Leeds · the card page · will AI take its jobs?£46,000 median
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Degree subjects that lead this way
Courses in this career's subject area, from the same register that priced the degree above. Subject-matched, not a guaranteed qualifying route: check each course's own entry requirements and any professional accreditation before you rely on it.
Medicine (Graduate Entry)The University of Manchester · DegreeGateway to MedicineUniversity of Bristol · DegreeGraduate Entry MedicineUniversity of Nottingham, the · DegreeMedicine with a Gateway YearThe University of East Anglia · DegreeGateway Year to MedicineThe University of Leeds · DegreeDental TherapySpirit Ssr Limited · Degree